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The thyroid gland consists of two types of hormone-producing cells that regulate the body's metabolism and calcium balance. In mammals, these cell types merge into a single organ, whereas in other vertebrates, they develop into separate organs. How this fusion occurs has long rem

Researchers at McMaster University have discovered that a naturally occurring hormone best known for suppressing appetite and promoting weight loss also helps protect the liver from inflammation through a previously unknown signaling pathway, opening new possibilities for treatin

A new study led by investigators at the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center found that while traditional pathological features used to classify aggressive prostate cancer—such as high-grade disease, cancer extending outside the prostate and cancer involving the semina

In the animal kingdom, only those that adapt to their environment survive. This adaptation takes a wide range of forms, from invisible internal shifts in gene expression to dramatic anatomical changes, such as tadpoles growing legs and transitioning to life on land as frogs.

Stress may literally scramble the brain’s internal GPS. Researchers found that cortisol, a hormone released during stress, made people significantly worse at navigating a virtual environment and disrupted the precise activity of grid cells, specialized brain cells that help us un

Frequent cannabis users may wake up with unusually high levels of the stress hormone cortisol, suggesting their daily stress rhythms could be disrupted. Researchers say the finding raises questions about whether using cannabis for stress relief might, over time, interfere with th